Waa maxay saxarka?

Qalabku waa walxo fibre ah oo laga helo fiilooyinka dhirta iyadoo la adeegsanayo habab kala duwan oo habaysan.Waxa loo qaybin karaa saxarka farsamada, saxarka kiimikaad iyo kiimikaad farsamaysan iyadoo loo eegayo habka farsamaynta;Waxa kale oo loo qaybin karaa saxarka alwaax, saxarka cawska, saxarka hemp, saxarka cawska, saxarka sonkorta, saxarka bamboo, saxarka calal iyo wixii la mid ah iyadoo loo eegayo alaabta ceeriin ee fiber-ka la isticmaalo.Waxa kale oo loo qaybin karaa saxarka la safeeyey, saxarka bleached, saxarka aan bilicin, saxarka wax soo saarka sare leh, iyo saxarka badhkii kiimikaad iyadoo loo eegayo nadiifiyo kala duwan.Guud ahaan loo isticmaalo samaynta waraaqaha iyo kartoonada.Saxarka la safeeyey looma isticmaalo oo kaliya in lagu soo saaro waraaqo khaas ah, laakiin sidoo kale inta badan waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida walxo ceeriin ah oo loogu talagalay soo saarista walxaha cellulose sida cellulose esters iyo cellulose ethers.Waxa kale oo loo isticmaalaa fiilooyinka dadku sameeyo, balaastikada, dahaarka, filimada, baaruudda iyo meelaha kale.

Duubista dhaqameedku waxay loola jeedaa habka wax-soo-saarka ee kala-saarista alaabta ceeriin ee fiber-ka dhirta ee dabiiciga ah ama saxarka la nadiifiyo iyadoo la adeegsanayo hababka kiimikada, hababka farsamada ama isku-darka labada hab.Habka caadiga ah ee la isticmaalo waa miirida, karinta, dhaqida, baarista, bleaching, nadiifinta iyo qalajinta alaabta ceeriin ee fiber dhirta.Hab cusub oo bayooloji ah ayaa la sameeyay wakhtiyada casriga ah.Marka hore, bakteeriyada gaarka ah ( qudhunka cad, qudhunka brown, qudhunka jilicsan) ayaa loo isticmaalaa in si gaar ah loo jajabiyo qaabka lignin, ka dibna hababka farsamada ama kiimikooyinka ayaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu kala saaro inta soo hartay cellulose., oo ay ku xigto bleaching.Geedi socodkan, nooleyaashu way jajabeen oo fureen inta badan lignin, habka kiimikaadna waxaa loo isticmaalaa oo kaliya shaqo caawiye ah.Marka la barbardhigo habka dhaqameed, alaabooyinka kiimikaad ee la isticmaalo way yar yihiin, sidaas darteed wax yar ama wax wasakh ah ayaa la sii dayn karaa.Waa hab deegaanka u wanaagsan tuubada., Habka qashin-qubka oo nadiif ah.